George Perkins Marsh’s Man and Nature was an influential document through which some major environmental measures were initiated during the late nineteenth to the early twentieth centuries in the United States and several European countries. Containing many insightful environmental perceptions regarding human influence on the earth, Man and Nature had been the most forceful arguments crying for the governmental and civil actions to protect natural resources and to improve human conditions. Yet among the flooding modern historical researches on environmental issues, Man and Nature has not been duly studied as a significant historical document. In this essay I try to introduce the Man and Nature as a product of the man of his own age and of his own occupation as well as of his own will and moral sentiments. Meantime, I also attempt to extract some reflections on the concepts of nature and ambiguous moral images of wilderness which have been dominating the environmental discourses.