A large number of American civilian scientists were deployed to the Korean peninsula during the Korea War. Affiliated with the Operations Analysis Office (U.S. Air Force), Operations Research Office (U.S. Army), and Operations Evaluation Group (U.S. Navy), these scientists assisted the U.S. armed forces in carrying out military activities. The mission of the Operations Analysis Office (OAO) of the U.S. Air Force was to provide professional training applicable to air strikes by analyzing operational problems from a scientific perspective, as well as making scientists easily approachable to military commanders. A survey of the operations analysis reports reveals that they were concerned about the aircraft and bombs appropriate for the air strike missions and raising their accuracy rate. The OAO provided a broad range of ideas from detailed bombing tactics to analyses on armaments and equipment. For example, it provided advice on the interdiction operation, which was one of the most important tactics in air operations during the Korean War. Also, it analyzed the results after a particular city or town had been bombed with incendiaries. As a result, the scientists faced an ethical dilemma separating their mundane work of calculating numbers on desks and the realities of assisting urgent military missions. Operations researchers were well informed that most pilots indiscriminately attacked civilian areas, but continued to aid them by singularly focusing on the notion of efficiency.