It is generally known that various knowledges and technologies were sent over to Japan from Korea in ancient era. In the Joseon dynasty, cultural exchange and historical events between two countries influenced much on each development of science and technology. The influence has directly related to the formation and process of history of science in two countries.In this paper, it will be considered to make clear the situation of exchange of science and technology before the modern era and its characteristics and the following research task as well.