This Paper looks into the motive of the compilation of Tongŭi pogam, the process of its completion, and the medical thought of its author, Hŏ Chun, based on the preface, the contents and the first volume. In the paper, I shall show the following points among others. 1. The motive of compiling Tongŭi pogam was two-fold: Medically, to rearrange the medicine of the time which was in chaos as what was imported from China was fused with the indigenous medicine, and socially, to relieve people from diseases through dissemination of medical knowledge. 2. Tongŭi pogam emphasized that the Tao(道) is the root, while medicine is only the branch. As a consequence, self-improvement of mind and body of Taoism was regarded as the more important method than the medical treatments by herbs or acupuncture and moxibustion. This was influenced by the Taoistic thinking that the material is of little value while the life is of great value. 3. Because the established textbooks of herbal medicine were not suitable for the circumstances of those days, Hŏ Chun tried to establish a new one. In particular, he compiled Tongŭi pogam as something suitable for Korean climates and features, and this elevated its value as national medicine. 4. The practical medical contents of Tongŭi pogam were verified by actual clinical practice; it set a high value on practical medicine. 5. In Tongŭi pogam, the creation of cosmos and the formation and organization of man were explained through the philosophy of Taoism.